2. Which one of the following does not belong to biosphere reserves set-up so far? [1995]
3. Willy Willy is _______________ [1995].
4. Which one of the following is the continent with the highest mean elevation in the world? [1995]
5. Which one of the following layers of the atmosphere is responsible for the deflection of radio waves? [1996]
6. Diamond ring is a phenomenon observed: [1996]
7. Which one of the following factors is responsible for the change in the regular direction of the ocean currents in the Indian Ocean? [1997]
8. Daily weather map showing isobars is an example of: [1997]
9. The group of small pieces of rock revolving round the sun between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter are called: [1997]
10. Ifthe earth's direction of rotation is reversed, what should be the 1ST when it is noon at the International Date Line? [1997]
11. Which one of the following stars is nearest to the Earth? [1997]
12. Which one of the following conditions is most relevant for the presence of life on Mars? [1997]
13. The correct sequence of different layers of the atmosphere from the surface of the Earth upwards is: [1998]
14. Estuaries possess distinct blooms of excessive growth ofa pigmented dinoflagellates. These blooms are called [1998]
15. Which one of the following types of coal contains a higher percentage of carbon than the rest? [1999]
16. Which one of the following scholars suggested the earth's origin from gases and dust particles? [1999]
17. Consider the following statements about the 'Roaring Forties': [2000]
They blow uninterrupted in the northern and Southern Hemispheres
They blow with great strength and constancy
Their direction is generally from north-west to east in the Southern Hemisphere
Overcast skies, rain and raw weather are generally associated with them Which of these statements are correct?
18. Which one of the following weather conditions is indicated by a sudden fall in barometer reading? [2011]
19. Who amongst the following was the first to state that the earth was spherical ? [2001]
20. Ifthe stars are seen to rise perpendicular to the horizon by an observer, he is located on the: [2001]
21. Volcanic eruptions do not occur in
22. Identify the correct order of the process of soil-erosion from the following: [2001]
23. Sun's halo is produced by the refraction of light in: [2002]
24. Consider the following statements: [2002]
1. Ocean currents are slow-surface movement of water in the ocean.
2. Ocean currents assist in maintaining the Earth's heat balance
3. Ocean currents are set in motion primarily by prevailing winds
4. Ocean currents are affected by the configuration of the ocean
. Which of these statements are correct?
25. Consider the following statements: [2002]
1.In equatorial regions, the year is divided into four main seasons
2.In Mediterranean region, summer months receives more rain.
3.In China type climate; rainfall occurs throughout the year
4.Tropical highlands exhibit vertical zonation of different climates
Which of these statements are correct?
26.
Assertion : Unlike temperate forests, the tropical rain forests, if cleared, can yield productive farmland that can support intensive agriculture for several years even without chemical fertilizers.
Reason (R) : The primary productivity of the tropical rain forest is very high when compared to that of temperate forests. [2003]
27.
Assertion : Areas Ying Wit In Ive to elg t egrees latitude on either side of the equator receive rainfall throughout the year.
Reason (R) : High temperatures and high humidity cause convectional rain to fall mostly in the afternoons near the [2003] equator.
28. Which one among the following covers the highest percentage of forest area in the world? [2003]
29. Among the following which planet takes maximum time for one revolution around the Sun? [2003]
30.
Assertion : Thickness of the atmosphere is maximum over the Equator. High insolation and strong convection currents
Reason (R) : occur over the Equator. [2004]
31. Where is the volcanic mountain, Mount St. Helens located? [2005]
32. Assertion : The same face of the moon is always presented to the earth. Reason (R) : The moon rotates about its own axis in 23 and half days which is about the same time that it takes to orbit the earth. [2005]
33.
Assertion : Existence of human life on Venus is highly improbable.
Reason (R) : Venus has extremely high level of carbon dioxide Reason in its atmosphere. [2005]
34.
Assertion : Wind patterns are clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and anti-clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere.
Reason (R) : The directions of wind patterns in the Northern and the Southern Hemisphere are governed by the Coriolis effect. [2005]
35. Where are the Balearic Islands located? [2005]
36. Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched? [2005]
37. Consider the following statements: [2005]
1. The Axis of the earth's magnetic field is inclined at 23 and half to the geographic axis of the earth.
2. The earth's magnetic pole in the Northern Hemisphere is located on a Peninsula in Northern Canada.
3. The earth's magnetic equator passes through Thumba in South India. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
38. In which one of the following oceans Diamantine Trench is situated? [2006]
39. Assertion : To orbit around the Sun the planet Mars takes lesser time than the time taken by the earth. Reason (R) : The diameter of the planet Mars is less than that of earth. [2006]
40. Consider the following statements: [2007] 1. Either of the two belts over the oceans at about 300 to 350 N and S Latitudes is known as Horse latitude. 2. Horse latitudes are low pressure belts. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
41. Consider the following statements: [2007] l. Annual range of temperature is greater in the Pacific Ocean than that in the Atlantic Ocean. 2 Annual range of temperature is greater in the Northern Hemisphere than that in the Southern Hemisphere. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
42. Consider the following statements: [2008] I Albedo of an object determines its visual brightness when viewed with reflected light. 2. Albedo of Mercury is much greater than the albedo of the Earth. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
43. In order of their distances from the Sun, which of the following planets lie between Mars and Uranus? [2008]
44. Which one of the following planets has largest number of natural satellites or moons? [2009]
45. In the structure of planet Earth, below the mantle, the core is mainly made up of which one of the following? [2009]
46. Consider the following statements : [2010] 1. On the planet Earth, the fresh water available for use amounts to about less than I % of the total water found. 2. Of the total fresh water found on the planet Earth 95% is bound up in polar ice caps and glaciers. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
47. A new type of El Nino called El Nino Modoki appeared in the news. In this context, consider the following statements: [2010] 1. Normal El Nino forms in the Central Pacific Ocean whereas El Nino Modoki forms in Eastern Pacific Ocean 2. Normal El Nino results in diminished hurricanes in the Atlantic Ocean but El Nino Modoki results in a greater number of hurricanes with greater frequency Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
48. Which one of the following reflects back more sunlight as compared to other three? [2010]
49. A geographic region has the following distinct characteristics: [2010] 1. Warm and dry climate 2. Mild and wet winter 3. Evergreen Oak trees The above features are distinct characteristics of which one of the following regions?
50. What causes wind to deflect toward left in the Southern Hemisphere? [2010]
51. If a tropical rain forest is removed, it does not regenerate quickly as compared to a tropical deciduous forest. This is because [2011-1]
52. A layer in the Earth's atmosphere called lonosphere facilitates radio communication. Why? ⏩ 1. The presence of ozone causes the reflection of radio waves to Earth. ⏩ 2. Radio waves have a very long wavelength. ⏩ Which of the statements given above is/are correct? [UPSC 2011]
53. The Himalayan Range is very rich in species diversity. Which one among the following is the most appropriate reason for this phenomenon? [UPSC 2011]
54. If a tropical rain forest is removed, it does not regenerate quickly as compared to a tropical deciduous forest. This is because ______________. [UPSC 2011]
55. The 2004 Tsunami made people realize that mangroves can serve as a reliable safety hedge against coastal calamities. How do mangroves function as a safety hedge ______________. [UPSC 2011].
56. Salinization occurs when the irrigation water accumulated in the soil evaporates, leaving behind salts and minerals. What are the effects of salinization on the irrigated land? [UPSC 2011]
57. Westerlies in southern hemisphere are stronger and persistent than in northern hemisphere. Why? ⏩ 1. Southern hemisphere has less landmass as compared to northern hemisphere. ⏩ 2. Coriolis force is higher in southern hemisphere as compared to northern hemisphere ⏩ Which of the statements given above is/are correct? [UPSC 2011]
58. Between India and East Asia, the navigation-time and distance can be greatly reduced by which of the following? ⏩ 1. Deepening the Malacca straits between Malaysia and Indonesia. ⏩ 2. Opening a new canal across the Kra isthmus between the Gulf of Siam and Andaman Sea. ⏩ Which of the statements given above is/are correct? [UPSC 2011]
59. La Nina is suspected to have caused recent floods in Australia. How is La Nina different from EI Nino? ⏩ 1. La Nina is characterised by unusually cold ocean temperature in equatorial Indian Ocean whereas El Nino is characterised by unusually warm ocean temperature in the equatorial Pacific Ocean. ⏩ 2. El Nino has adverse effect on south-west monsoon of India, but La Nina has no effect on monsoon climate. ⏩ Which of the statements given above is/are correct? [UPSC 2011]
60. The lower Gangetic plain is characterised by humid climate with high temperature throughout the year. Which one among the following pairs of crops is most suitable for this region? [UPSC 2011]
61. What could be the main reason/reasons of the formation of African and Eurasian desert belt? ⏩ 1. It is located in the sub-tropical high pressure cells. ⏩ 2. It is under the influence of warm ocean currents. ⏩ Which of the statements given above is/are correct in this context? [UPSC 2011]
62. The jet aircrafts fly very easily and smoothly in the lower stratosphere. What could be the appropriate explanation? ⏩ 1. There are no clouds or water vapour in the lower stratosphere. ⏩ 2. There are no vertical winds in the lower stratosphere. ⏩ Which of the statements given above is/are correct in this context? [UPSC 2011]
63. The Brahmaputra, Irrawady and Mekong rivers originate in Tibet and flow through narrow and parallel mountain ranges in their upper reaches. Of these rivers, Brahmaputra makes a 'U' turn in its course to flow into India. This 'U' turn is due to ____________. [UPSC 2011]
64. What state in India has the following characteristics: ⏩ 1. Its northern part is arid and semi-arid. ⏩ 2. Its central part produces cotton. ⏩ 3. Cultivation of cash crops is predominant over food crops.⏩ Which one of the following states has all of the above characteristics? [UPSC 2011]
65. Satellites used for telecommunication relay are kept in a geostationary orbit. A satellite is said to be in such an orbit when: ⏩ 1. The orbit is geosynchronous. ⏩ 2. The orbit is circular.⏩ 3. The orbit lies in the plane of the Earth's equator. ⏩ 4. The orbit is at an altitude of 22,236 km. ⏩ Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
66. Two important rivers- one with its source in Jharkhand (and known by a different name in Odisha), and another, with its source in Odisha- merge at a place only a short distance from the coast of Bay of Bengal before flowing into the sea. This is an important site of wildlife and biodiversity and a protected area. Which one of the following could be this? [UPSC 2011]
67. Among the following States, which one has the most suitable climatic conditions for the cultivation of a large variety of orchids with minimum cost of production, and can develop an export oriented industry in this field? [UPSC 2011]
68. Which one of the following is not a site for in-situ method of conservation of flora? [UPSC 2011]
69. Electrically charged particles from space travelling at speeds of several hundred km/sec can severely harm living beings if they reach the surface of the Earth. What prevents them from reaching the surface of the Earth? [UPSC 2012]
70. A particular State in India has the following characteristics: ⏩ 1. It is located on the same latitude which passes through northern Rajasthan. ⏩ 2. It has over 80% of its area under forest cover. ⏩ 3. Over 12% of forest cover constitutes Protected Area Network in this State. ⏩ Which one among the following States has all the above characteristics? [UPSC 2012]
71. Consider the following factors: ⏩ 1. Rotation of the Earth ⏩ 2. Air pressure and wind ⏩ 3. Density of ocean water ⏩ 4. Revolution of the Earth ⏩ Which of the above factors influence the ocean currents? [UPSC 2012]
72. With reference to the wetlands of India, consider the following statements: ⏩ 1. The country's total geographical area under the category of wetlands is recorded more in Gujarat as compared to other States. ⏩ 2. In India, the total geographical area of coastal wetlands is larger than that of inland wetlands. ⏩ Which of the statements given above is/are correct? [UPSC 2012]
73. When you travel in Himalayas, you will see the following: ⏩ 1. Deep gorges⏩ 2. U-turn river courses ⏩ 3. Parallel mountain ranges ⏩ 4. Steep gradients causing land-sliding.⏩ Which of the above can be said to be the evidence for Himalayas being young fold mountains? [UPSC 2012]
74. Normally, the temperature decreases with the increase in height from the Earth's surface, because ⏩ 1. The atmosphere can be heated upwards only from the Earth's surface ⏩ 2. There is more moisture in the upper atmosphere. ⏩ 3. The air is less dense in the upper atmosphere. ⏩ Select the correct answer using the codes given below: [UPSC 2012]
75. The increasing amount of carbon dioxide in the air is slowly raising the temperature of the atmosphere, because it absorbs [UPSC 2012]
76. Which one of the following sets of elements was primarily responsible for the origin of life on the Earth? [UPSC 2012]
77. A person stood alone in a desert on a dark night and wanted to reach his village which was situated 5 km east of the point where he was standing. He had no instruments to find the direction but he located the polestar. The most convenient way now to reach his village is to walk in the _____________. [UPSC 2012]
78. Consider the following protected areas: ⏩ 1. Bandipur ⏩ 2. Bhitarkanika⏩ 3. Manas ⏩ 4. Sunderbans ⏩ Which of the above are declared Tiger Reserves? [UPSC ]
79. Consider the following statements: ⏩ 1. The duration of the monsoon decreases from southern India to northern India.⏩ 2. The amount of annual rainfall in the northern plains of India decreases from east to west. ⏩ Which of the statements given above is/are correct? [UPSC ]
80. Which one of the following is the characteristic climate of the Tropical Savannah Region? [UPSC 2012]
81. In which one among the following categories of protected areas in India are local people not allowed to collect and use the biomass? [UPSC 2012 ]
82. Consider the following: ⏩ 1. Black-necked crane ⏩ 2. Cheetah ⏩ 3. Flying squirrel ⏩ 4. Snow leopard ⏩ Which of the above are naturally found in India? [UPSC 2012 ]
83. The most important fishing grounds of the world are found in the regions where _____________. [UPSC 2013 ]
84. Consider the following agricultural practices: ⏩ 1. Contour bunding ⏩ 2. Relay cropping ⏩ 3. Zero tillage ⏩ In the context of global climate change, which of the above helps/help in carbon sequestration/storage in the soil? [UPSC 2013 ]
85. Which of the following is/are unique characteristic/characteristics of equatorial forests? ⏩ 1. Presence of tall, closely set trees with crowns forming a continuous canopy ⏩ 2. Coexistence of a large number of species ⏩ 3. Presence of numerous varieties of epiphytes ⏩ Select the correct answer using the codes given below: [UPSC 2013]
86. The annual range of temperature in the interior of the continents is high as compared to coastal areas. What is/are the reason/reasons? ⏩ 1. Thermal difference between land and water ⏩ 2. Variation in altitude between continents and oceans ⏩ 3. Presence of strong winds in the interior ⏩ 4. Heavy rains in the interior as compared to coasts ⏩ Select the correct answer using the codes given below: [UPSC 2013]
87. Which of the following is/are the characteristic/characteristics of Indian coal? ⏩ 1. High ash content ⏩ 2. Low sulphur content ⏩ 3. Low ash fusion temperature ⏩ Select the correct answer using the codes given below: [UPSC 2013]
88. Which of the following statements regarding laterite soils of India are correct? ⏩ 1. They are generally red in colour. ⏩ 2. They are rich in nitrogen and potash. ⏩ 3. They are well-developed in Rajasthan and UP. ⏩ 4. Tapioca and cashew nuts grow well on these soils. ⏩ Select the correct answer using the codes given below: [UPSC 2013]
89. Consider the following statements: ⏩ 1. Natu⏩ ral gas occurs in the Gondwana beds. ⏩ 2. Mica occurs in abundance in Kodarma. 3. Dharwars are famous for petroleum. ⏩ Which of the statements given above is/are correct? [UPSC 2013]
90. Consider the following crops: ⏩ 1. Cotton ⏩ 2. Groundnut ⏩ 3. Rice ⏩ 4. Wheat ⏩ Which of these are Kharif crops? [UPSC 2013]
91. Climate is extreme, rainfall is scanty and th people used to be nomadic herders. The above statement best describes which of the following regions? [UPSC 2013]
92. During a thunderstorm, the thunder in the skies is produced by the ⏩ 1. Meeting of cumulonimbus clouds in the sky. ⏩ 2. Lightning that separates the nimbus clouds. ⏩ 3. Violent upward movement of air and water particles. ⏩ Select the correct answer using the codes given below: [UPSC 2013 ]
93. Consider the following pairs: ⏩ National Park River flowing through the Park ⏩ 1. Corbett National Park Ganga ⏩ 2. Kaziranga National Park Manas ⏩ 3. Silent Valley National Park Kaveri ⏩ Which of the above pairs is/are correctly mached? [UPSC 2013]
94. The Narmada river flows to the west, while most other large peninsular rivers flow to the east. Why? ⏩ 1. It occupies a linear rift valley. ⏩ 2. It flows between the Vindhyas and the Satpuras. ⏩ 3. The land slopes to the west from Central India. ⏩ Select the correct answer using the codes given below. [UPSC 2013]
95. Variations in the length of daytime and nighttime from season to season are due to [UPSC ]
96. Which one of the following pairs is correctly matched? ⏩ Geographical Feature Region [UPSC 2013]
97. In India, cluster bean (Guar) is traditionally used as a vegetable or animal feed, but recently the cultivation of this has assumed significance. Which one of the following statements is correct in this context? [UPSC 2014 ]
98. Which one of the following pairs of islands is separated from each other by the 'Ten Degree Channel'?. [UPSC 2014 ]
99. The seasonal reversal of winds is the typical characteristic of ______________. [UPSC 2014 ]
100. Turkey is located between ___________. [UPSC 2014 ]
101. In the South Atlantic and South-Eastern Pacific regions in tropical latitudes, cyclone does not originate. What is the reason ? [UPSC 2014 ]
102. [UPSC 2014 ]
103. Which of the following National Parks is unique in being a swamp with floating vegetation that supports a rich biodiversity? [UPSC 2014 ]
104. What explains the eastward flow of the equatorial counter- current? [UPSC 2014 ]
105. Each day is more or less the same, the morning is clear and bright with a sea breeze; as the Sun climbs high in the sky, heat mounts up, dark clouds form, then rain comes with thunder and lightning. But rain is soon over. Which of the following regions is described in the above passage? [UPSC 2014 ]
106. In India, in which one of the following types of forests is teak a dominant tree species? [UPSC 2014 ]
107. Which one of the following countries of South-West Asia does not open out to the Mediterranean Sea? [UPSC 2014 ]
108. In a particular region in India, the local people train the roots of living trees into robust bridges across the streams. As the time passes, these bridges become stronger. These unique 'living root bridges' are found in [UPSC 2015 ]
109. Which of the following is/are tributary/ tributaries of Brahmaputra? ⏩ 1. Dibang ⏩ Select the correct answer using the code given below. [UPSC 2016 ]
110. In which of the following regions of India are shale gas resources found? ⏩ 1. Cambay Basin ⏩ 2. Cauvery Basin ⏩ 3. Krishna-Godavari Basin ⏩ Select the correct answer using the code given below. [UPSC 2016 ]
111. Mediterranean Sea is a border of which of the following countries? ⏩ 1. Jordan ⏩ 2. Iraq ⏩ 3. Lebanon ⏩ 4. Syria ⏩ Select the correct answer using the code given below: [UPSC 2017 ]
112. With reference to 'Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD)' sometimes mentioned in the news while forecasting Indian monsoon, which of the following statements is/are correct? ⏩ 1. IOD phenomenon is characterised by a difference in sea surface temperature between tropical Western Indian Ocean and tropical Eastern Pacific Ocean. ⏩ 2. An IOD phenomenon can influence an El Nino's impact on the monsoon. ⏩ Select the correct answer using the code given below: [UPSC 2017 ]
113. Which of the following is geographically closest to Great Nicobar? [UPSC 2017 ]
114. If you travel by road from Kohima to Kottayam, what is the minimum number of States within India through which you can travel, including the origin and the destination? [UPSC 2017 ]
115. The Parliament of India exercises control over the functions of the Council of Ministers through ⏩ 1. Adjournment motion ⏩ 2. Questions hour ⏩ 3. Supplementary questions ⏩ Select the correct answer using the code given below: [UPSC 2017 ]
116. With reference to the Parliament of India, consider the following statements: ⏩ 1. A private member's bill is a bill presented by a Member of Parliament who is not elected but only nominated by the President of India. ⏩ 2. Recently, a private member's bill has been passed in the Parliament of India for the first time in its history. ⏩ Which of the statements given above is/are correct? [UPSC 2017 ]
117. At one of the place in India, if you stand on the seashore and watch the sea, 'you will find that the sea water recedes from the shore line a few kilometres and comes back to the shore, twice a day, and you can actually walk on the sea floor when the water recedes. This unique phenomenon is seen at [UPSC 2017 ]
118. Consider the following statements: ⏩ 1. The Parliament of India can place a particular law in the Ninth Schedule of the Constitution of India. ⏩ 2. The validity of a law placed in the Ninth Schedule cannot be examined by any court and no judgement can be made on it. ⏩ Which of the statements given above is/are correct? [UPSC 2018 ]
119. Which of the following has/have shrunk immensely/dried up the recent past due to human activities? ⏩ 1. Aral Sea ⏩ 2. Black Sea ⏩ 3. Lake Baikal ⏩ Select the correct answer using the code given below: [UPSC 2018 ]
120. Very recently, in which of the following countries have lakhs of people either suffered from severe famine/acute malnutrition or died due to starvation caused by war/ethnic conflicts? [UPSC 2018 ]
121. Among the following cities, which one lies on a longitude closest to that of Delhi? [UPSC 2018 ]
122. Which one of the following is an artificial lake? [UPSC 2018 ]
123. On 21st June, the Sun _________. [UPSC 2019 ]
124. What is common to the places known as Aliyar, Isapur and Kangsabati? [UPSC 2019 ]
125. Why are dewdrops not formed on a cloudy night? [UPSC 2019 ]
126. With reference to Ocean Mean Temperature (OMT), which of the following statements is/are correct? ⏩ 1. OMT is measured up to a depth of 26°C isotherm which is 129 meters in the south-western Indian Ocean during January-March. ⏩ 2. OMT collected during January-March can be used in assessing whether the amount of rainfall in monsoon will be less or more than a certain long-term mean. ⏩ Select the correct using the code given below: [UPSC 2020 ]
127. Siachen Glacier is situated to the __________. [UPSC 2020 ]
128. Consider the following statements: ⏩ 1. Jet streams occur in the Northern Hemisphere only. ⏩ 2. Only some cyclones develop an eye. ⏩ 3. The temperature inside the eye of a cyclone is nearly 10°C lesser than that of the surroundings. ⏩ Which of the statements given above is/are correct? [UPSC 2020 ]
129. With reference to pulse production in India, consider the following statements: ⏩ 1. Black gram can be cultivated as both kharif and rabi crop. ⏩ 2. Green-gram alone accounts for nearly half of pulse production. ⏩ 3. In the last three decades, while the production of kharif pulses has increased the production of rabi pulses has decreased. ⏩ Which of the statements given above is/are correct? [UPSC 2020 ]
130. 'The crop is subtropical in nature. A hard frost is injurious to it. It requires at least 210 frost-free days and 50 to 100 centimeters of rainfall for its growth. A light well-drained soil capable of retaining moisture is ideally suited for the cultivation of the crop.' Which one of the following is that crop? [UPSC 2020 ]
131. Which of the following Protected Areas are located in Cauvery basin? ⏩ 1. Nagarhole National park ⏩ 2. Papikonda National Park ⏩ 3. Sathyamagalam Tiger Reserve 4. Wayanand Wildlife Sanctuary ⏩ Select the correct answer using the code given below: [UPSC 2020 ]
132. With reference to the Indus river system, of the following four rivers, three of them pout into one of them which joins the Indus direct. Among the following, which one is such river that joins the Indus direct? [UPSC 2021 ]
133. With reference to India, Didwana, Kuchaman, Sargol and Khatu are the names of [UPSC 2021 ]
134. Consider the following rivers: ⏩1.Brahmani ⏩2.Nagavali ⏩3.Subarnarekha ⏩4.Vamsadhara. ⏩Which of the above rise from the Eastern Ghats? [UPSC 2021 ]
135. Among the following, which one is the least water- efficient crop? [UPSC 2021 ]
136. Consider the following statements: ⏩ 1.In the tropical zone, the western sections of the oceans are warmer than the eastern sections owing to the influence of trade winds. ⏩ 2.In the temperate zone, westerlies make the eastern sections of oceans warmer than the western sections. ⏩ Which of the statements given above is/are correct? [UPSC 2021 ]
137. 'Leaf litter decomposes faster than in any other biome and as a result the soil surface is often almost bare. Apart from trees, the vegetation is largely composed of plant forms that reach up into the canopy vicariously, by climbing the trees or growing as epiphytes, rooted on the upper branches of trees.' This is the most likely description of _____________. [UPSC 2021 ]
138. With reference to the water on the planet Earth, consider the following statements: ⏩ 1.The amount of water in the rivers and lakes is more than the amount of groundwater. ⏩ 2.The amount of water in polar ice caps and glaciers is more than the amount of groundwater. ⏩ Which of the statements given above is/are correct? [UPSC 2021 ]
139. The black cotton soil of India has been formed due to the weathering of ______________. [UPSC 2021 ]
140. Which one of the following lakes of West Africa has become dry and turned into a desert? [UPSC 2022 ]
141. Gandikota canyon of South India was created by which one of the following rivers. [UPSC 2022 ]
142. Consider the following pairs : ⏩1. Namcha Barwa - Garhwal Himalaya ⏩2. Nanda Devi - Kumaon Himalaya ⏩3. Nokrek - Sikkim Himalaya. ⏩Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched? [UPSC 2022 ]
143. The term 'Levant' often heard in the news roughly corresponds to which of the following regions ? [UPSC 2022 ]
144. Consider the following countries: ⏩1. Azerbaijan ⏩2. Kyrgyzstan ⏩3. Tajikistan ⏩4. Turkmenistan. ⏩5. Uzbekistan ⏩Which of the above have borders with Afghanistan ? [UPSC 2022 ]
145. With reference to India, consider the following statements: ⏩1. Monazite is a source of rare earths. ⏩2. Monazite contains thorium. 3. Monazite occurs naturally in the entire Indian coastal sands in India. ⏩4. In India, Government bodies only can process or export monazite. ⏩Which of the statements given above are correct? [UPSC 2022 ]
146. In the northern hemisphere, the longest day of the year normally occurs in the : [UPSC 2022 ]
147. Consider the following pairs : Wetland/Lake Location ⏩1. Hokera Wetland - Punjab ⏩2. Renuka Wetland - Himachal Pradesh ⏩3. Rudrasagar Lake - Tripura ⏩4. Sasthamkotta - Tamil Nadu Lake. ⏩How many pairs given above are correctly matched ? [UPSC 2022 ]
148. Consider the following States: ⏩1. Andhra Pradesh ⏩2. Kerala ⏩3. Himachal Pradesh ⏩4. Tripura ⏩How many of the above are generally known as tea- producing States? [UPSC 2022 ]
149. Consider the following pairs: Region often mentioned in the news Country ⏩1. Anatolia - Turkey ⏩2. Amhara - Ethiopia ⏩3. Cabo Delgado - Spain ⏩4. Catalonia - Italy ⏩How many pairs given above are correctly matched? [UPSC 2022 ]
150. Which one of the following statements best reflects the issue with Senkaku Islands, sometimes mentioned in the news? [UPSC 2022 ]
151. Consider the following countries: ⏩ 1. Armenia ⏩ 2. Azerbaijan ⏩ 3. Croatia ⏩ 4. Romania ⏩ 5. Uzbekistan ⏩ Which of the above are members of the Organization of Turkic States? [UPSC 2022 ]
152. Consider the following statements: ⏩1. Bidibidi is a large refugee settlement in north-western Kenya. ⏩2. Some people who fled from South Sudan civil war live in Bidibidi. ⏩3. Some people who fled from civil war in Somalia live in Dadaab refugee complex in Kenya. ⏩Which of the statements given above is/are correct? [UPSC 2022 ]
153. Consider the following statements: ⏩1. High clouds primarily reflect solar radiation and cool the surface of the Earth. ⏩2. Low clouds have a high absorption of infrared radiation emanating from the Earth's surface and thus cause warming effect. ⏩Which of the statements given above is/are correct? [UPSC 2022 ]
154. With reference to the United Nations General Assembly, consider the following statements: ⏩1. The UN General Assembly can grant observe status to the non-member States. ⏩2. Inter-governmental organisations can seek observer status in the UN General Assembly. ⏩3. Permanent Observers in the UN General Assembly can maintain mission at the UN headquarters.⏩ Which of the statements given above are correct? [UPSC 2022 ]
155. With reference to the 'United Nations Credentials Committee', consider the following statements: ⏩1. It is a committee set up by the UN Security Council and works under its supervision. ⏩2. It traditionally meets in March, June and September every year. ⏩3. It assesses the credentials of all UN members before submitting a report to the General Assembly for approval. ⏩Which of the statements given above is/are correct? [UPSC 2022 ]
156. Consider the following pairs: Reservoirs States ⏩ 1. Ghataprabha - Telangana ⏩ 2.Gandhi Sagar - Madhya Pradesh ⏩ 3. Indira Sagar - Andhra Pradesh ⏩ 4. Maithon - Chhattisgarh. ⏩ How many pairs given above are not correctly matched? [UPSC 2022 ]
157. Consider the following statements: ⏩Statement-I: India, despite having uranium deposits, depends on coal for most of its electricity production. ⏩Statement-II: Uranium, enriched to the extent of at least 60%, is required for the production of electricity. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements? [UPSC 2023 ]
158. Consider the following statements: ⏩1. Jhelum River passes through Wular Lake. ⏩2. Krishna River directly feeds Kolleru Lake ⏩3. Meandering of Gandak River formed Kanwar Lake. ⏩How many of the statements given above are correct? [UPSC 2023 ]
159. Consider the following pairs: Port Well known as ⏩1. Kamarajar Port : First major port in India registered as a company ⏩2. Mundra Port : Largest privately owned port in India ⏩3. Visakhapatnam : Largest container port in India. ⏩How many of the above pairs are correctly matched? [UPSC 2023 ]
160. Consider the following trees: ⏩1. Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) ⏩2. Mahua (Madhuca indica) ⏩3. Teak (Tectona grandis) ⏩How many of the above are deciduous trees? [UPSC 2023 ]
161. Consider the following trees: ⏩1. Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) ⏩2. Mahua (Madhuca indica) ⏩3. Teak (Tectona grandis). ⏩How many of the above are deciduous trees? [UPSC 2023 ]
162. Consider the following statements: ⏩1. India has more arable area than China. ⏩2. The proportion of irrigated area is more in India as compared to China.⏩ 3. The average produce in indian agriculture is higher than that in China. ⏩How many of the above statements are correct? [UPSC 2023 ]
163. Which one of the following is the best example of repeated falls in sea level, giving rise to present-day extensive marshland? [UPSC 2023 ]
164. Ilmenite and rutile, abundantly available in certain coastal tracts of India, are rich sources of which one of the following? [UPSC 2023 ]
165. About three-fourths of world's cobalt, a metal required for the manufacture of batteries for electric motor vehicles, is produced by [UPSC 2023 ]
166. Which one of the following is a part of the Congo Basin? [UPSC 2023 ]
167. Consider the following statements: ⏩1. Amarkantak Hills are at the confluence of Vindhya and Sahyadri Ranges. ⏩2. Biligirirangan Hills constitute the easternmost part of Satpura Range. ⏩3. Seshachalam Hills Constitute the southernmost part of Western Ghats. ⏩How many of the statements given above the correct? [UPSC 2023 ]
168. Consider the following statements: ⏩1. The Government of India provides Minimum Support Price for niger (Guizotia abyssinicia) seeds. ⏩2. Niger is cultivated as a Kharif crop. ⏩3. Some tribal people in India use niger seed oil for cooking. ⏩How many of the above statements are correct? [UPSC 2023 ]
169. Consider the following infrastructure sectors: ⏩1. Affordable housing ⏩2. Mass rapid transport ⏩3. Health care ⏩4. Renewable energy. ⏩On how many of the above does UNOPS Sustainable Investments in Infrastructure and Innovation (S3i) initiative focus for its investments? [UPSC 2023 ]
170. Consider the following pairs : Regions often Reason for being in news ⏩1. North Kivu and Ituri : War between Armenia and Azerbaijan ⏩2. Nagorno-Karabakh : Insurgency in Mozambique ⏩3. Kherson and Zaporizhzhia : Dispute between Israel and Lebanon. ⏩How many of the above pairs are correctly matched ? [UPSC 2023 ]
171. Consider the following statements: ⏩Statement-I : Israel has established diplomatic relations with some Arab States. ⏩Statement-ll : The 'Arab Peace Initiative' Mediated by Saudi Arabia was signed by Israel and Arab League. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements? [UPSC 2023 ]
172. Consider the following pairs : Area of conflict mentioned in news Country where it is located ⏩1. Donbas : Syria ⏩2. Kachin : Ethiopia ⏩3. Tigray : North Yemen. ⏩How many of the above pairs are correctly matched? [UPSC 2023 ]
173. In the recent years Chad, Guinea, Mali and Sudan caught the international attention for which one of the following reasons common to all of them? [UPSC 2023 ]
174. Consider the following countries: ⏩1. Bulgaria ⏩2. Czech Republic ⏩3. Hungary ⏩4. Latvia ⏩5. Lithuania ⏩6. Romania How many of the above-mentioned countries share a land border with Ukraine? [UPSC 2023 ]
175. With reference to the Earth's atmosphere, which one of the following statements is correct? [UPSC 2023 ]
176. Consider the following statements : ⏩Statement-I : The soil in tropical rain forests is rich in nutrients. ⏩Statement-ll : The high temperature and moisture of tropical rain forests cause dead organic matter in the soil to decompose quickly. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements? [UPSC 2023 ]
177. Consider the following statements : ⏩Statement-l The temperature contrast between continents and oceans is greater during summer than in winter.⏩Statement-ll The specific heat of water is more than that of land surface. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements? [UPSC 2023 ]
178. Consider the following statements: ⏩1. In a seismograph, P waves are recorded earlier than S waves. ⏩2. In P waves, the individual particles vibrate to and fro in the direction of wave propagation whereas in S waves, the particles vibrate up and down at right angles to the direction of wave propagation. ⏩Which of the statements given above is/are correct? [UPSC 2023 ]
179. With reference to coal- based thermal power plants in India, consider the following statements : ⏩1. None of them uses seawater. ⏩2. None of them is set up in water-stressed district. ⏩3. None of them is privately owned. ⏩How many of the above statements are correct? [UPSC 2023 ]
180. Consider the following pairs : Objects in space Description ⏩1. Cepheids : Giant clouds of dust and gas in space ⏩2. Nebulae : Stars which brighten and dim periodically ⏩3. Pulsars : Neutron stars that are formed when massive stars run out of fuel and collapse. ⏩How many of the above pairs are correctly matched? [UPSC 2023 ]